Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's economic growth has entered a new normal, and the economic growth rate has shown a gradual decline. In 2015, the official promulgation of "Made in China 2025" means that the "Made in China" strategic upgrade in the next 10 years has been put on the agenda. The document clearly pointed out that we should vigorously develop a new generation of key industries such as information and aerospace, and gradually promote the development of China's manufacturing industry to service-oriented and service-oriented industries. The introduction of a new policy for industrial development is bound to be compatible with the current national industrial economic environment, and certainly an inevitable choice under the new economic environment. On the one hand, the global industrial transformation and upgrading situation is remarkable, and the manufacturing industry has once again become the pillar industry of the economically developed countries. Instead of simply pursuing GDP growth, China has turned its policy objectives into adjusting the economic structure and promoting industrial upgrading.

Made in China, made in China

As China enters the new economic normal stage, the "Made in China" strategy upgrade is more in line with the inherent laws of industrial structure development and innovation, and is also consistent with China's new economic development. On the other hand, under the new economic environment, problems such as the imbalance of China's manufacturing industry, the gradual weakening of the labor force dividend, and the increase in industrial structure pressure are bound to affect the development of "Made in China." In order to alleviate this phenomenon, we should learn from the industrialization strategy of developed countries, fully understand and analyze the operational efficiency of China's traditional industries, and further accelerate the promotion of "Made in China" according to the goals and requirements set forth in "Made in China 2025" and the combination of industrial base and internal motivation. "Strategic upgrade process.

The industrial base and internal motivation of the "Made in China" strategy upgrade under the new economic normal

Made in China, made in China

In terms of industrial base, China has become the world's largest commodity production and trade center. The scale of commodity production in a country is directly related to the size of the country's commodity trade, which affects the country's commodity industry's position in global industrial development and its value in the global industrial value chain. Since the end of the 1970s, China has changed the status quo of traditional commodity production and trade, and began to use the power of reform and opening up to focus on improving the global competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. According to relevant data, China’s merchandise export volume in the 1980s was only 18 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for less than 1% of the total global merchandise export volume. However, in the same period, the scale of merchandise exports from developed countries such as Germany and Japan was It has reached 10.65 times and 7.20 times of China's export scale respectively. After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China's commodity production and trade scale has continued to expand, and its position in the global industrial division of labor has been increasing. As of 2015, the scale of China's merchandise exports reached 14.14 trillion yuan, and the scale of trade surplus continued to expand, becoming a veritable commodity production and trade center.

In addition, the scale advantage of China's manufacturing industry is increasingly significant. As the main body of China's national economy, the manufacturing industry has grown rapidly in the context of rapid economic growth. In terms of trade division, the export volume of China's manufacturing industry in the early 1980s was only 8.7 billion US dollars, accounting for 0.8% of the total manufacturing exports of the world. It is far from the developed countries such as Germany, Japan and the United States. In recent years, under the positive effects of the demographic dividend and the global dividend, China's manufacturing industry has experienced tremendous development. As early as 2013, the proportion of China's manufacturing exports has increased from 0.8% in the 1980s to 17.53%. The manufacturing export ratio of many developed countries is decreasing year by year. At present, the scale of China's manufacturing industry has surpassed that of the United States, Germany, Japan and other countries, and the scale advantage is very significant.

In terms of internal motivation, first of all, China's industrial structure is large and weak, and regional development is uneven. At this stage, China is the world's largest manufacturing trade surplus country with significant scale advantages. However, on the whole, the industrialization level of manufacturing industry is still relatively low, the degree of modernization is not high, and the development of high-end manufacturing industry is still in a downturn, forming the current state of China. The status quo of manufacturing industry institutions is large and weak. Not only that, in terms of regional development, China's manufacturing industry shows an uneven trend in industrial distribution. The eastern coastal areas are the gathering places of manufacturing industries, and the industrial agglomeration effect and scale effect are strong, while the central and western regions are relatively more developed in the manufacturing industry. Weak, the gap between things is obvious.

Second, China's demographic dividend advantage has gradually weakened. Judging from the natural growth trend of the population, the stage characteristics of China's population growth are obvious. In the early 1960s, in the three years of natural disasters, China’s population birth rate and mortality rate increased rapidly, making the population of children grow faster, leading to an increase in population liabilities. In the 1960s and 1990s, the labor force population increased further, and the dependency coefficient of children and the elderly population was relatively low, thus forming a low-cost labor force, and the demographic dividend advantage was prominent. After the 1990s, the growth rate of the labor force has decreased, and the demographic dividend has gradually turned into a population debt. The original demographic dividend advantage is gradually weakening.

Again, the pressure on industrial structure has increased. Currently affected by the new economic normal, the evolution of industrial structure and the economic environment maintain a high degree of consistency. In other words, the weakening of the demographic dividend brought by the new economic normal, the slowdown of economic growth and the imbalance of regional development also restrict the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure of the manufacturing industry. At present, China's industrial structure has gradually changed to a tertiary industry, and the proportion of industrial structure in manufacturing has declined. As of 2014, the proportion of the tertiary industry was only 48.2%. China's manufacturing industry showed a phenomenon of low service, intelligence, and innovation, and the pressure on industrial structure.